Outline of an anthropology of virtue
نویسنده
چکیده
The establishment of moral relativism does not exhaust anthropological comparisons of how people strive for a good life. In this article I suggest that comparative research into ethical systems and moralities can be productively complemented by an anthropology of virtue. Experiences from post-Cold War settings and ethnographic examples from Australia and Namibia illustrate my attempt to outline such an anthropological theory of virtue based on recent anthropological work on art and on skill. The anthropological approach to virtue envisaged here is both nonconsequentialist and realist in orientation. It is non-consequentialist in that it accounts for the moral dimension of practices such as ‘sharing’ and ‘reciprocal exchange’ without relying on problematic presumptions about net results or ultimate consequences. It is realist in so far as it is based not on rationalist categories but on situated social practices, which entail reference to basic human goods such as sustenance and mutual engagement.
منابع مشابه
فضیلت‌گرایی در تقریری انسان‌شناختی؛ مروری بر کتاب The Subject of Virtue: An Anthropology of Ethics and Freedom (فاعل فضیلت؛ انسان‌شناسی اخلاق و آزادی)
انسان‌شناسی اخلاق یکی از رشته‌های نوظهور در مطالعات میان رشته‌ای در حوزه فلسفه اخلاق و انسان‌شناسی است. کتاب «فاعل فضیلت؛ انسان‌شناسی اخلاق و آزادی» نوشته جیمز لیدلاو، یکی از تأثیرگذارترین آثار نوشته شده در این حوزه است. نویسنده در این اثر کوشیده است مرزهای انسان‌شناسی و فلسفه اخلاق را به یکدیگر نزدیک کند. بهره‌گیری مولف از مفاهیم و نظریه‌های مختلف در هر دو رشته موجب شده است این کتاب فراتر از ی...
متن کاملتحلیل اخلاق‌مدارانۀ فضلیت مصاحبت در عرفان اسلامی؛ به‌ویژه در مثنوی
One of the most important issues in anthropology is a moral issue that led to the development of the human personality and to provide excellence. Study on ethics, long of interest to researchers in various fields, especially in philosophy and mysticism. One of the areas of ethics applied ethics which deals with the analysis of the categories of excellence in human performance. Virtue ethics in ...
متن کاملThe Comparison of Fundamental Concepts of Mental Health from Adler's Point of View with Traits of Virtue Individuals in Nahj-Ol-Balagheh
Anthropology is one of the branches of human sciences that recently has been under attention of the psychologists. The purpose of this paper was to compare the fundamental concepts of mental health from Adler's point of view with traits of virtue individuals in Nahj-Ol-Balagheh. The method of gathering information was library and the research method was descriptive of the analytical type. The t...
متن کاملLiving Language: An Introduction to Linguistic Anthropology, Laura M. Ahearn (2012) Wiley-Blackwell, ISBN 978-1-4051-2441-6
متن کامل
Mulla Sadra on Virtue and Action
This paper sheds light on the views of Mulla Sadra about virtue and action. The main question is how he explains the relationship, if any, between virtue and action. Mulla Sadra defines moral virtue as a settled inner disposition by which one acts morally, without need for any reflection or deliberation. This study seeks to explain how, according to Mulla Sadra, a virtue motivates the agent and...
متن کامل